Semiconductors from wurtzite structure essay

The unit cell contains four atoms. Wurtzite structure has anisotropy and because of that, the frequency oscillates in a parallel direction that is perpendicular to the optical axis and denoted by \omega eTωeT and \omega oTωoT. The interatomic forces of anisotropy are dominated by electrostatic forces. The interatomic forces are higher than the electrostatic forces. The semi-conductors made from the wurtzite structure are familiar to the zinc blendes. The interpenetrating lattices are utilized for the construction of the wurtzite structure. The parameters of lattice are c/a\text{ }=\text{ }2/6/3\text{ }=\text{ }1.633c/a = 2/6/3 = 1.633, and u\text{ }=\text{ }3/8u = 3/8. Four atoms are present in wurtzite while two atoms are present in zinc blendes. The space for wurtzite is double the reciprocal lattice points. Some of the semiconductors of wurtzite are BeO, ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe, CdS, and CdSe. These minerals can also be converted into a zinc blende structure. The difference in density of zinc-blende and wurtzite structure can be considered negligible while forming semi-conductors.

From the bottom of the crystal, the top of the wurtzite looks different in the Hemimorphic crystals. The term Hemimorphic means these never complete the symmetry and never fill the opposite shape, and therefore are half in shape. The minerals following the hemimorphic shapes are hemimorphite, tourmalines, zincite, and, greenockite. Wurtzite contains six-sided pyramids and the hemimorphic character is present at the top that forms the apex and the bottom of the crystal of the pyramid forms the base of wurtzite. The outline is hexagonal outside the crystals and is platy, and therefore it becomes difficult to differentiate between the Hemimorphic character. ‘Schalenblende’ is a combination of botryoidal crusts that contain layers of wurtzite, galena, and sphalerite that are later polished and cut to form a stone for ornaments.

Physical characteristics of Wurtzite
The physical features of wurtzite are that its color is light to dark brown and is almost black. The luster of wurtzite is resinous to dull. They are translucent to transparent crystals. The crystals are hexagonal and are of 6 mm. They have poor cleavage at the base and are prismatic in directions. The hardness is between 3.5 to 4 units and has an uneven fracture. The gravity of wurtzite is 4, which is higher but is less than various other minerals. The refraction index is between 2.36 to 2.38 and is seen fluorescent under the UV light rays. It is mainly found in countries like Germany, Bolivia, Peru, and various other locations of England, and the USA. The molecular weight of the wurtzite is 96.50 gm. and contains Zinc in 60.98%,

Iron in 5.79 % and Sulfur in 33.23 %. The wurtzite is stable thermodynamically stable in the structure of AlN, GaN, and InN. The wurtzite structure is formed by overcoming the compatibility of crystals. The structure of the wurtzite and zinc blend has a similar structure because these are aligned by the atoms of nitrogen. The closely packed diatomic planes of Ga and N pairs are arranged alternately to form Wurtz structure. The structure is formed by a hexagon between anions and cations. The structure of the wurtzite is stable.


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